Caries - symptoms, causes and stages of development
Caries is a common dental disease that gradually destroys the hard tissues of the tooth, which can lead to serious complications if treatment is not started on time.
Structure of the hard tissues of the tooth
- Enamel is the outer protective layer 0.1–1.5 mm thick, covering the visible part of the tooth;
- Dentin is the main volume of the tooth, located under the enamel;
- Dental pulp is the central part of the tooth, which is also known as the dental nerve.
How does caries develop?
The process begins with the demineralization of the enamel, which is a consequence of the action of acid produced by plaque bacteria. Caries develops slowly in the enamel layer, but when it reaches the dentin, the process of destruction accelerates significantly. Symptoms that indicate the development of the disease:
- Sensitivity to temperature changes and sweet foods;
- Spontaneous night pain associated with inflammation of the pulp (pulpitis);
- The appearance of cavities and tooth discoloration.
Diagnosis and treatment of caries
Caries are detected during a clinical examination or radiography. At the initial stage, it is possible to stop the process by using fluoride gel and improving oral hygiene. For the treatment of damaged teeth, it is recommended to use high-quality restorative materials for dentistry, which can be purchased in Ukraine in specialized stores.
Stages of caries development
- Initial stage - enamel demineralization;
- Progression to dentin - destruction accelerates;
- Pulp damage - the occurrence of acute pain due to inflammation;
- Tissue necrosis - possible spread of infection to other parts of the body.
Caries prevention
Caries can be prevented through regular dental care and the use of quality products to strengthen enamel. Preventive measures include:
- Regular brushing of teeth twice a day;
- Using dental floss and mouthwash;
- Timely consultation with a dentist for a preventive examination.
Modern restorative materials for dentistry ensure the durability of fillings and effective restoration of teeth. We recommend buying these materials in Ukraine for professional use.
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